Soccer Speed Training

Jimmy Petruzzi

At any level, speed is one of the most important aspects of soccer.

In any soccer training program speed training plays an important role in the development of players.

The physical demands of soccer make it complex to train for speed so the speed training techniques used must be specific to soccer.

Some important aspects of speed for soccer are as follows:

• Quick speed off the mark (getting to the ball before the opponent)
• Reaction time (reacting in different situations e.g. penalty box goal scoring opportunities, rebounds etc.)
• Quick acceleration over 10-15 yards (to get around an opponent or to track back)
• Good speed endurance (repeatedly performing sprints at speed)
• Speed in possession of the ball (running with the ball past opponents)
• Quickness of feet or agility (performing techniques and skills with the ball at pace)
• The ability to quickly change direction (turning with the ball)
• The ability to execute skills quickly (shooting, passing)
• Speed of thought (being one step ahead of the opposition)

A player who can sprint fast in a straight line isn’t necessarily going to be able to perform the above activities quickly. This is why soccer specific speed training is so important.

Speed-Agility-Quickness

Soccer-specific SPEED-AGILITY-QUICKNESS (SAQ) exercises are said to result in the development of multi-directional, explosive speed which is essential for the development of soccer players.

Speed-Agility-Quickness training enhances the ability of the nervous system to process and produce rapid contractions and relaxations of the muscle fibres. This is a key component of fast, explosive movements of the whole body, which occur frequently during a game of soccer i.e. sprinting for a ball, jumping for a header, moving laterally tracking an opponent. It is also an important factor when a body part needs to start a new movement or rapidly change direction for turning.

Speed and agility training is all about quality. Unlike endurance and strength training, a SAQ session should not leave your players exhausted or gasping for breath.

SPEED training or sprint training will help to improve your players’ speed off the mark, acceleration and power.

AGILITY training allows your players to change direction without the loss of balance, strength, and speed or body control.

QUICKNESS training will help to improve your players’ foot speed and co-ordination

Agility ladders are an excellent tool for improving foot speed, coordination and overall quickness. Where they are not available, you can usually make do with comes or markers.

Soccer Speed Training Exercises

These exercises will improve your players’ soccer speed. Make sure that they work with the ball as this will help keep the motivation high and will make it easier to transfer the skill to the pitch.

Work to rest ratios

Duration	Rest	Intensity	Repetitions
2–9 seconds	5 times exercise duration	maximum	2–10

1. Speed session

1. Arrange your players in two groups facing each other 20 metres apart.

2. Player A passes to player B and sprints to the other side.

3. Player B receives the ball, controls it and passes it back to the next player.

This is repeated with a high tempo.

It takes around 3 seconds for the player to sprint 20 metres after passing the ball with a rest of around 15 seconds before performing the exercise again.

2. Developing speed of the mark

1. Tell your players to stand with feet shoulder width apart.

2. Place two cones 5 metres apart and get the players to sprint from one cone to the other, using the work to rest ratio as above.

3. Reaction time

1. Place four different colored cones about 10 metres apart in a diamond formation.

2. Divide your players into groups of 4 and call a color.

3. On your call the players must sprint to the cone with a ball at their feet and under control.

A suggested progression might be to have the players line up in pairs and getting them to race to the cone with or without the ball.

Another progression could be to have them sprint first to a ball situated near the cone and then shoot.

4. Quick acceleration over 10–15 yards

1. Arrange cones in alternating red and yellow colours 10 metres apart as per the diagram.

2. Get your players to work along the line jogging on red and sprinting on yellow.

This can be performed to mirror soccer movements using the ball.

5. Speed endurance

1. This exercise consists of 6×18 metre continuous sprints with 10 second rests in between.

2. Record the time of each individual run.

INSERT DIAGRAM 5

6. Lateral movement

1. Lead with the right foot then repeat leading with the left.

2. Start slowly, only increasing foot speed when the pattern is mastered. In a short time you players will be amazed at how fast their feet move through the ladder

7. Hopscotch

1. Start with your feet hip-wide apart at the start of an agility ladder.

2. Jump off with both feet and land on the left foot only in the first square.

3. Immediately push off with both feet and land on your right foot only.

4. Push off from your right foot and land on your right foot only.

5. Push off from your right foot and land on both feet.

6. Repeat this pattern for the full length of the ladder.

8. Downhill sprint

1. Running down a lightly sloping hill will help develop leg speed coordination.

2. A small grass embankment is ideal as long as it’s not so steep as to cause your players to break their run.

3. The distance should be around 10 metres and the incline around 10%

9. Uphill sprints

1. Running uphill will help develop acceleration power.

2. The incline can be steeper than for downhill sprints.

3. Keep the distance short and allow plenty of recovery time.